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EMS Communications

OPERATIONAL

Radio protocols, medical terminology, and communication procedures for effective EMS operations

Communication Protocols

Radio Communications

Standard radio protocols and procedures

Hospital Notification

Patient report and hospital communication

Dispatch Communications

Communication with dispatch center

Multi-Agency Coordination

Interoperability and unified command

MIST Report Format

Trauma patient handoff

M - Mechanism

How the injury occurred

I - Injuries

Suspected and identified injuries

S - Signs

Vital signs and symptoms

T - Treatment

Interventions provided

SBAR Communication

Structured handoff tool

S - Situation

What is happening right now

B - Background

Relevant patient history

A - Assessment

Your clinical impression

R - Recommendation

What you need/want to happen

Common Radio Codes

10-4Acknowledged/Copy

Confirm message received

10-6Busy

Unable to respond to calls

10-8In Service

Available for calls

10-9Repeat

Please repeat last transmission

10-19Return to Station

Return to base

10-20Location

What is your location?

10-23Arrived at Scene

On scene

10-97En Route

Responding to call

Code 1Routine

No lights or sirens

Code 2Urgent

Lights, no sirens

Code 3Emergency

Lights and sirens

NATO Phonetic Alphabet

For clear spelling over radio communications

A - Alpha
B - Bravo
C - Charlie
D - Delta
E - Echo
F - Foxtrot
G - Golf
H - Hotel
I - India
J - Juliet
K - Kilo
L - Lima
M - Mike
N - November
O - Oscar
P - Papa
Q - Quebec
R - Romeo
S - Sierra
T - Tango
U - Uniform
V - Victor
W - Whiskey
X - X-ray
Y - Yankee
Z - Zulu

Medical Terminology Quick Reference

Patient Condition

AOx4

Alert and oriented to person, place, time, and event

GCS

Glasgow Coma Scale score

LOC

Loss of consciousness

SOB

Shortness of breath

CP

Chest pain

CVA

Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

Vital Signs

BP

Blood pressure

HR/P

Heart rate/Pulse

RR

Respiratory rate

SpO2

Oxygen saturation

ETCO2

End-tidal CO2

BGL

Blood glucose level

Interventions

BVM

Bag-valve mask

NRB

Non-rebreather mask

NC

Nasal cannula

IV/IO

Intravenous/Intraosseous

ETI

Endotracheal intubation

CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation